Factories And Industrial Buildings Construction Regulations

Notwithstanding any provisions provided, in any one of these bye-laws, every factory building or part thereof shall comply with the following additional regulations:

a) Site: The location of every factory site shall be governed by the provisions of the development plan. For cities having no development plans, the factory site shall have to be approved by the authority.

b) Means of escape in case of fire: In the case of factories constructed or converted to use as a factory after the date of enforcement of the these regulations the following additional requirements shall apply:

i. At least two of the stairways provided should be of the fire resisting materials.

ii. No stairway shall be less than 1.2m in width.

iii. All the stairs shall have an unobstructed head room of at least 2.1 m measured vertically above the tread in line with the face of the riser.

iv. In straight treads, the run of the treads shall not be less than 25 cm wide and the rise shall not be more than 18cm high. The width of the tread including nosing shall not be less than 27 cm.

v. No part of a factory building shall be farther than 15 m from any one of the fire escapes.

vi. Every staircase provided above shall be lighted and ventilated from an air space of not less than 3m depth, measured horizontally in case of ground and one upper floor structure, 4.5m in case of ground and two upper and higher structures than this shall not have an air space of less than 6m, provided that the lighting and ventilating area shall not be less than 1 sq.m per floor height.

vii. Every person who undertakes construction of a factory building shall construct lobby, landing corridor or passage included in such work that it shall in no part be less than 1.2 m in width free from encroachment of any kind and its floor shall be of fire-resisting materials and supported by fire-resisting materials.

viii. Every hoist-way or lift-way inside a factory building shall be completely enclosed with fire-resisting materials and means of access to that hoist or lift, shall be fitted with doors of fire-resisting materials, provided that such hoist-way or lift-way shall be enclosed only at the top by some material easily broken by fire or be provided a vent at the top. Escape arrangements should be fully in terms of section 38(7) of the Indian Factories Act,1948.

Abutment of over crowding:

These should be provided at all times for each person employed in any room of the factory at least 3.4 sq.m f the floor space exclusively of that occupied by the machinery and a breathing space of atleast 14 cubic meter.

Height of work Rooms

The internal heights of a work room shall not be less than 4.5 m measured from the floor level to the lowest point in the ceiling.

Percentage of Coverage:

Not more than three-fifths area of the site may be covered subjected to the mandatory open spaces specified as above:

Front area – 7.5 m

Side yard – 3.0 m

Rear yard – 7.5 m

Miscellaneous

Unfinished buildings: No building should be left with unfinished portions including projecting reinforcing bars, which in the opinion of the authority are unsightly unless within the permission prescribing conditions with respect to the structure and the period for which such permissions remain valid.

Clearing of site: As soon as any building is completed, all rubbish, refuse or debris of any description shall be removed by the owner from the site or sites on which building operations have been carried out or from any adjoining land which may have been used for deposition of debris.

Open Space Requirements For Buildings

Open Space Requirements For Buildings

Open air space for ventilation. Every room intended for human habitation should abut an interior or exterior opening air space of the width r dimensions specified below.

Where height of building above plinth adjoining the open air space does not exceed	Minimum width of open air space throughout
5 m	3.0 m
6 m	3.0 m
9 m	3.9 m
12 m	4.8 m
15 m	5.7 m
18 m	6.6 m
21 m	7.5 m

OPEN SPACE AROUND RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

Front open space: every building should have a front yard of minimum width of 3m and in case of two or more sides a width of an average of 3 m but in no case it shall be less than 1.8 m. Such a yard shall form an inseparable part of the site.

Rear open space: Every residential building shall have a yard of an average width of 4.5 m and at no place the yard measuring less than 3 m as an inseparable part of the building, except in the case of back to back sites where the width of the yard could be reduced to 3m provided no erection, re-erection or material alteration of the building shall be undertaken, if at common plot line straight lines drawn downwards and outwards from the line of intersection of the outer surface of any rear wall of the building with the roof perpendicular to that line form an angle of more than 63.5 degree to the horizontal.

Side open space: every residential building may have a permanently open air space not less than 1m in width on one of its sides other than its front and rear and such side open space shall form an inseparable part of the site. In case, side open air space is to be used for ventilation, it shall be in accordance with the requirements mentioned in the previous paragraph. In case, the side open space abuts a road, the width shall not be less than 3m.

OPEN SPACE FOR BUILDINGS OTHER THAN RESIDENTIAL

The front, rear and side yards, widths and the rules governing those shall be laid down by the authority in each case.

The rules applicable to residential buildings with regard to front open space, rear open space and the side open space and the angle 45 and 63.5 degree governing erection, re-erection or material alteration of a residential building sall also be applicable to business and industrial buildings, provided, however that the local authority may prescribe the front and rear open spaces as required.